Minnesota Probate Law | How Ethical Personal Representatives Avoid Lawsuits

Posted on August 11, 2015 by jlawyer

When most people have their Wills drafted, they choose highly responsible and wise family members or friends to serve as their personal representatives. Likewise, when someone dies without a Will (intestate), probate courts appoint well-qualified individuals to serve in this role.

While acting as a fiduciary, your personal representative has legal permission to manage your assets so that if your estate is large enough, all of your outstanding debts can be paid and all gifts can be distributed to your named beneficiaries.

Yet as straightforward as this process sounds, problems can easily arise. Here’s a look at the main duties your personal representative must handle, along with tips for addressing these tasks in a timely and fully transparent or honest fashion. When any unique challenges develop, many personal representatives request the help of a Minnesota probate attorney.

Key Duties Required of a Minnesota Personal Representative

Must locate and protect all estate assets. After properly notifying all of the testator’s creditors and beneficiaries that the probate process has begun, the personal representative must carefully locate and appraise all of the estate assets. S/he must then make sure they’re kept in a secure location throughout the probate process. When necessary and affordable, outside appraisers can help the personal representative make sure accurate values are assigned to all assets;

All legitimate, outstanding creditor debts presented must be paid, along with all probate expenses. Minnesota creditors have up to four months to present their valid claims against the estate if they want them to be paid. Common probate expenses can include all funeral/burial expenses, final medical bills, all legitimate debts owed to creditors, attorney fees, and all taxes due;

A formal inventory must be prepared and presented to the court, indicating all of the testator’s assets. This list should also include the fair market value of each asset at the time of the testator’s death. Should there be any outstanding liens against any property, the specific dollar amount owed and all related information should also be included. All debts should also be noted in the inventory, including specific information regarding each creditor/party that must be repaid. A wise personal representative will share this information with the beneficiaries as s/he deems appropriate. It can also help to meet with the beneficiaries and answer their questions about the probate process;
A final accounting of the estate must be presented to the court. Every transaction conducted by the personal representative on behalf of the estate must be properly recorded and documented in writing for the court. This allows the judge to make sure that all funds expended have been legitimately spent. Receipts must be kept for all services rendered to the personal representative in the course of his/her duties. Should it appear at this stage that the estate will not be able to give each beneficiary all that was originally promised, the personal representative might want to ask for the court’s advice on how to address this issue with them;

A final distribution of all gifts should be made to the beneficiaries. Since some estates may not be large enough to transfer all promised gifts to the beneficiaries, it’s often wise for a personal representative who has been promised a set payment for his/her services to fist meet with the beneficiaries before accepting any personal payment. These individuals must realize that Minnesota personal representatives are often paid between $25 — $50 an hour for their services, unless higher fees were guaranteed based upon the representative’s professional status and experience. A proper fee can usually be agreed upon, once the beneficiaries can see that they are being awarded the maximum percentage possible of the original gifts or funds promised to them.

As implied above, personal representatives can often avoid lawsuits if they’ll meet with all interested beneficiaries throughout the probate process. If a Minnesota probate attorney has been hired by the personal representative, s/he may want this lawyer to create a document for all of the beneficiaries to sign — indicating that they understand why they’re receiving less than was originally set aside for them — and that they’re in agreement with the final accounting.

Minnesota attorneys and lawyers

If you have questions about the home, transfer of title to real property, or other Minnesota probate questions, contact Flanders Law Firm LLC at 612-424-0398.

Minnesota Probate Law | Second marriages, Surviving spouse, and Children

Posted on June 26, 2015 by jlawyer

In many Minnesota probate consultations that my office handles, there are often instances when a person who has died leaves behind many different people who may have a legal interest in that person’s estate.

People Who Have an Interest in the Deceased Person’s Probate Estate?

Common persons you may have an interesting deceased person’s estate, whether they had a Will or died without a will, are: a surviving spouse, children, heirs, distributees, grantors, grantees, and other interested parties (creditors).

Furthermore, a common situation is when the person who died had children from a prior marriage but was remarried. Other times, the person may have been estranged from her spouse for multiple years but never divorced the person. These situations can create complicated issues with the deceased person’s probate administration. Often times, the result can be unfair to the surviving beneficiaries.

The major problem with surviving spouses and second marriages is that, if the person did not have a Will, and sometimes even if they did have a Will, the surviving spouse and second marriages is that the surviving spouse is entitled to benefits above and beyond what anyone else may receive. These estate benefits can include right to a portion of the deceased person’s homestead and what is called elective share of the probate estate.

Elective share of the probate estate

An elective share of the surviving spouse in addition to other benefits that the surviving spouse may receive, is based largely on the number of years in which the couple was married. Minnesota law is cited below for reference:

524.2-202 ELECTIVE SHARE.

(a) Elective share amount. The surviving spouse of a decedent who dies domiciled in this state has a right of election, under the limitations and conditions stated in this part, to take an elective-share amount equal to the value of the elective-share percentage of the augmented estate, determined by the length of time the spouse and the decedent were married to each other, in accordance with the following schedule:

If the decedent and the spouse were married to each other: The elective-share percentage is:

Less than one year Supplemental amount only

One year but less than two years Three percent of the augmented estate

Two years but less than three years Six percent of the augmented estate

Three years but less than four years Nine percent of the augmented estate

Four years but less than five years 12 percent of the augmented estate

Five years but less than six years 15 percent of the augmented estate

Six years but less than seven years 18 percent of the augmented estate

Seven years but less than eight years 21 percent of the augmented estate

Eight years but less than nine years 24 percent of the augmented estate

Nine years but less than ten years 27 percent of the augmented estate

Ten years but less than 11 years 30 percent of the augmented estate

11 years but less than 12 years 34 percent of the augmented estate

12 years but less than 13 years 38 percent of the augmented estate

13 years but less than 14 years 42 percent of the augmented estate

14 years but less than 15 years 46 percent of the augmented estate

15 years or more 50 percent of the augmented estate

(b) Supplemental elective-share amount. If the sum of the amounts described in sections 524.2-207,524.2-209, paragraph (a), clause (1), and that part of the elective-share amount payable from the decedent’s probate estate and nonprobate transfers to others under section 524.2-209, paragraphs (b) and (c), is less than $50,000, the surviving spouse is entitled to a supplemental elective-share amount equal to $50,000, minus the sum of the amounts described in those sections. The supplemental elective-share amount is payable from the decedent’s probate estate and from recipients of the decedent’s nonprobate transfers to others in the order of priority set forth in section 524.2-209, paragraphs (b) and (c).

(c) Effect of election on statutory benefits. If the right of election is exercised by or on behalf of the surviving spouse, the surviving spouse’s homestead rights and other allowances under sections 524.2-402,524.2-403 and 524.2-404, if any, are not charged against but are in addition to the elective-share and supplemental elective-share amounts.

(d) Nondomiciliary. The right, if any, of the surviving spouse of a decedent who dies domiciled outside this state to take an elective share in property in this state is governed by the law of the decedent’s domicile at death.

Children and Heirs of the deceased person

The heirs of a deceased person are often upset to find out that a second spouse, who is the surviving spouse, will receive significant benefits from the estate. This is true even if the surviving spouse may have been estranged from the deceased person and the deceased person may have even contemplated divorce.

There are some exceptions to this rule, as there always is, and a qualified probate attorney should be consulted if you have questions.

Surviving Spouses, Probate in Minnesota

If you have specific questions about a deceased person’s estate, whether yours a surviving spouse or a child of a deceased person, please contact the probate attorneys and lawyers at Flanders Law Firm LLC to discuss your specific situation. Another good resource is the Minnesota attorney general.

There may be a remedy that you are unaware of or had not considered. The firm offers free consultations to all potential clients. Call the law firm at 612-424-0398.

Minnesota Certificate of Death Application

Posted on June 25, 2015 by jlawyer

Please review the form below which is provided by the Minnesota Department of Health. The Minnesota Certificate of Death Application is used by the state, pursuant to Minnesota Statutes 144.225, subdivision 7 and Minnesota Rules, part 4601.2600.

The form is very useful for applying for a certificate of death of a loved one in Minnesota. This certificate is used for many different purposes, including probates in Minnesota.

MN Certificate of Death Application

Download the PDF form: Minnesota Certificate of Death Application

If a person has questions about this application or what is required in a Minnesota probate, an attorney should be consulted.

Minnesota Probate Attorneys & Lawyers

If you have questions about the the Minnesota Certificate of Death Application and/or Minnesota probates, contact Flanders Law Firm LLC at 612-424-0398.

Minnesota probate attorney fees: How much do they cost?

Posted on May 7, 2015 by jlawyer

Minnesota probate attorney fees, how much do they cost?

The law firm charges varying attorney fees on Minnesota probates.

The complexity and work involved in the probate dictates the cost of the estate administration. There are many different types of probates, including: informal, formal, unsupervised, and supervised administrations.

At times, the attorney fees will be much less because all that needs to be transferred is one asset. In this case, there will be minimal effort involved in the transfer that asset in the probate. Common asset transfer situations, which have lower attorney fees, include the transfer of title to a home, or liquidation of a single stock, insurance, or other investment assets from the name of the deceased person to their heirs and beneficiaries.

Examples of Minnesota probates with higher attorney fees include the estates which need to be administered from date of death to distribution of assets. This would include: payment of creditor claims, publication of notice in the newspaper, negotiation of contested issues, payment beneficiaries, starting an estate bank account, paying taxes, etc. These duties can be very time-consuming and must be done correctly or liability for the personal representative and/or the attorney will be involved. In these cases the attorney fees are often much higher than many people may like.

Minnesota probate attorneys lawyers

The firm works with individuals with the estates worth less than $50,000.00 and with the estates worth millions of dollars.

Different law applies to different estates. For further questions about Minnesota attorney fees in Minnesota probates, contact Flanders Law Firm LLC at 612-424-0398.

	If the decedent and the spouse were married to each other:		The elective-share percentage is:
	Less than one year		Supplemental amount only
	One year but less than two years		Three percent of the augmented estate
	Two years but less than three years		Six percent of the augmented estate
	Three years but less than four years		Nine percent of the augmented estate
	Four years but less than five years		12 percent of the augmented estate
	Five years but less than six years		15 percent of the augmented estate
	Six years but less than seven years		18 percent of the augmented estate
	Seven years but less than eight years		21 percent of the augmented estate
	Eight years but less than nine years		24 percent of the augmented estate
	Nine years but less than ten years		27 percent of the augmented estate
	Ten years but less than 11 years		30 percent of the augmented estate
	11 years but less than 12 years		34 percent of the augmented estate
	12 years but less than 13 years		38 percent of the augmented estate
	13 years but less than 14 years		42 percent of the augmented estate
	14 years but less than 15 years		46 percent of the augmented estate
	15 years or more		50 percent of the augmented estate